Arkansas Foundations of Reading Test (FORT)

Which types of assessments can be used to identify students who have not met standards?

1. Only informal assessments

2. Formal (criterion and norm-referenced) and informal assessments

3. Only standardized tests

4. Only teacher-created tests

The correct answer is: Formal (criterion and norm-referenced) and informal assessments

The selection of formal (criterion and norm-referenced) and informal assessments as the correct answer recognizes the value of utilizing a diverse set of assessment tools to effectively identify students who have not met educational standards. Formal assessments are designed to be standardized and can compare student performance against specific criteria or the performance of a normative group. Criterion-referenced assessments measure student performance against predefined learning standards, providing insight into whether students are meeting specific educational goals. In contrast, norm-referenced assessments evaluate how a student’s performance compares to that of a peer group, offering a broader view of where a student stands in relation to others. Informal assessments, such as observational checklists, anecdotal records, and classroom assessments, play a critical role as well. These assessments can provide valuable insights into student understanding and skills in a more subjective manner, allowing educators to capture a holistic picture of a student's abilities. By combining these types of assessments, educators can accurately identify students who may require additional support or intervention, ensuring that instruction is tailored to meet their specific needs. This multifaceted approach is crucial in promoting effective learning outcomes and addressing any gaps in knowledge or skills.