Arkansas Foundations of Reading Test (FORT)

Which of the following best describes the preliterate stage of writing development?

1. Creating detailed sentences and paragraphs

2. Writing mainly involves scribbling and letter-like symbols

3. Expressing complex ideas clearly

4. Using phonics to spell words correctly

The correct answer is: Writing mainly involves scribbling and letter-like symbols

The preliterate stage of writing development is characterized by children's early attempts to express themselves through writing before they have mastered the conventions of letters and words. During this stage, children often engage in scribbling and utilize letter-like symbols that may resemble real letters but do not correspond to specific sounds or meanings. This type of writing reflects their exploration of the medium, where the focus is more on the act of writing itself rather than on the clarity of expression or the accuracy of spelling. In contrast, the other stages mentioned involve higher levels of writing proficiency. Creating detailed sentences and paragraphs indicates a more advanced understanding of sentence structure and coherent thought. Expressing complex ideas clearly shows a mature ability to articulate thoughts, which is far beyond the preliterate stage. Using phonics to spell words correctly is also indicative of a more developed stage in writing, where children can apply phonetic knowledge to spelling practices. Thus, the description of writing as mainly involving scribbling and letter-like symbols accurately captures the essence of the preliterate stage.